Nhanganyaya

Zvifananidzo zvakakura zvebhuronzivari kuita mabasa ounyanzvi anorayira ngwariro. Vanowanzo hukuru hwehupenyu kana kuti hukuru, uye hukuru hwavo hahugoneki. Zvivezwa izvi, zvakagadzirwa kubva musimbi yakanyungudutswa yemhangura netin, Bronze, zvinozivikanwa nekusimba uye nekunaka kwazvo.

Zvivezwa zvebhuronzi zvakakura zvakagadzirwa kwemazana emakore, uye zvinogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji pasirese. Ivo vanowanzo shandiswa kurangarira zviitiko zvakakosha kana vanhu, uye ivo vanogona zvakare kushandiswa kuwedzera runako kune yeguta.

Paunoona chivezwa chikuru chebhuronzi, zvakaoma kuti usashamiswa nehukuru uye simba racho. Zvivezwa izvi uchapupu hwemweya wemunhu uye zvinotikurudzira kurota zvikuru.

Iyo Historical Kukosha kweMonumental Sculptures

Zvivezwa zvechiyeuchidzo zvine kukosha kwakadzama kwenhoroondo munharaunda dzakasiyana siyana, zvichishanda seratidziro inobatika yetsika, zvechitendero, uye zvematongerwo enyika. Kubva kumagariro ekare akadai seEgypt, Mesopotamia, neGirisi kusvika kuRenaissance nedzimwewo, zvivezwa zvikuru zvakasiya chiratidzo chisingadzimiki munhoroondo yevanhu. Zvivezwa zvechiyeuchidzo zvine kukosha kwakadzama kwenhoroondo munharaunda dzakasiyana siyana, zvichishanda seratidziro inobatika yetsika, zvechitendero, uye zvematongerwo enyika. Kubva kumagariro ekare akadai seEgypt, Mesopotamia, neGirisi kusvika kuRenaissance nedzimwewo, zvivezwa zvikuru zvakasiya chiratidzo chisingadzimiki munhoroondo yevanhu.

Bronze, ine mukurumbira nekuda kwesimba rayo, kusimba, uye kusimba, yakagara ichifarirwa pakugadzira aya mabasa makuru. Unhu hwayo hwekuzvarwa nahwo hwakabvumira vavezi vekare kuumba uye kugadzira zvidhori zvakakura zvakaramba zviripo. Kukandira kwacho kwaisanganisira hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi uye hunyanzvi hwekuita, zvichikonzera zvivezwa zvebhuronzi zvakazove zviratidzo zvesimba, zvekunamata, uye kugona kwehunyanzvi.

Kubatana kweBronze nehukuru hunogona kucherechedzwa mumabasa emifananidzo akadai seColossus yeRhodes, zvivezwa zvebhuronzi zvemadzimambo ekare eChinese, uye David waMichelangelo. Zvisikwa izvi zvinoshamisa, zvinowanzopfuura mwero wavanhu, zvaizivisa simba noukuru hwehumambo, vamwari vakakurumbira, kana kuti vanhu vanokosha vasingafi.

Kukosha kwenhoroondo yezvivezwa zvebhuronzi zvakakura hazvisi mukuvapo kwazvo chete asiwo murondedzero nehunhu hwazvinomiririra. Zvinoshanda sezvigadzirwa zvetsika, zvichipa maonero ezvinotendwa, aesthetics, uye zvishuvo zvebudiriro dzekare. Nhasi, zvivezwa izvi zvikuru zvinokurudzira uye zvinomutsa kufungisisa, kuvhara mukaha uripo pakati penzanga dzekare nedzazvino uye kutiyeuchidza nezvenhaka yedu yehunyanzvi.

Yakakurumbira Monumental Bronze Sculptures

Ngatitarisei zvimwe zvezvivezwa zveMonumental Bronze zvakaita zvinoyevedza zvakakura kudarika ukuru hwazvo mumwoyo nomupfungwa dzevanozviona;

• Colossus yeRhodes
• The Statue of Liberty
• Mukuru Buddha weKamakura
• Chifananidzo cheKubatana
• Spring Temberi Buddha

The Colossus of Rhodes (c. 280 BCE, Rhodes, Girisi)

Colossus yeRhodes yaiva aYakakura Bronze Statueyamwari wezuva rechiGiriki Helios, akamiswa muguta rekare rechiGiriki reRhodes pachitsuwa chechiGiriki chezita rimwe chetero. Imwe yeZvinoshamisa Zvinomwe Zvenyika Yakare, yakavakwa kupemberera kudzivirirwa kwakabudirira kweRhodes City pakurwiswa naDemetrius Poliorcetes, akange aikomba kwegore nemauto makuru nemauto emugungwa.

Iyo Colossus yeRhodes yaisvika makubhiti makumi manomwe, kana 33 metres (108 tsoka) kureba - ingangoita kureba kwechifananidzo chemazuva ano cheRusununguko kubva kutsoka kuenda kukorona - zvichiita kuti chive chifananidzo chakareba kwazvo munyika yekare. Yakanga yakagadzirwa nebhuronzi nesimbi uye inofungidzirwa kuti yairema 30,000 tonnes.

Colossus yeRhodes yakapedzwa muna 280 BC uye yakamira kweanodarika makore makumi mashanu isati yaparadzwa nekudengenyeka kwenyika muna 226 BC. Colossus yakawa yakasiiwa munzvimbo kusvika 654 CE apo mauto eArabia akarwisa Rhodes ndokuita kuti chifananidzo chiputswe uye bhuronzi yakatengeswa kuti iraswe.

(Artist Rendition yeThe Colossus yeRhodes)

Colossus yeRhodes chaive chivezwa chebronze chakanyanya. Chakanga chakamira pamusoro penheyo ine mativi matatu iyo yakanga yakareba mamita anenge 15 (mafiti 49) uye chifananidzo pachacho chakanga chakakura zvokuti makumbo acho akanga akaparadzana zvakafara sokufara kwechiteshi chengarava. Colossus yainzi yakanga yakareba zvokuti ngarava dzaigona kufamba nemakumbo ayo.

Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza cheColossus yeRhodes yaive nzira yekuvakwa kwayo. Chifananidzo chacho chaive chakagadzirwa nendiro dzebhuronzi dzaisungirirwa pamadziro esimbi. Izvi zvakabvumira kuti chifananidzo chive chakareruka, pasinei nekukura kwayo kukuru.

The Colossus of Rhodes yaiva imwe yezvishamiso zvakakurumbira munyika yekare. Chaive chiratidzo chesimba nehupfumi hweRhodes, uye chakakurudzira maartist nevanyori kwemazana emakore. Kuparadzwa kwechifananidzo kwaive kurasikirwa kukuru, asi nhaka yaro inoramba iripo. Iyo Colossus yeRhodes ichiri kutorwa seimwe yemhando huru dzeinjiniya dzepasirese, uye inoramba iri chiratidzo chehungwaru hwevanhu uye vavariro.

The Statue of Liberty (1886, New York, USA)

(Statue Of Liberty)

The Statue of Liberty chivezwa chakakura neoclassical paLiberty Island muNew York Harbour muNew York City, muUnited States. Chifananidzo chemhangura, chipo chakabva kuvanhu veFrance kuvanhu veUnited States, chakagadzirwa nemuvezi weFrance Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi uye simbi yayo yakagadzirwa naGustave Eiffel. Chifananidzo chakatsaurirwa muna Gumiguru 28, 1886.

The Statue of Liberty chimwe chezviratidzo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa pasi rose, uye inzvimbo yakakurumbira yekushanya. Iyo yakareba mamita 151 (46 m) kubva pasi kusvika pamusoro petochi, uye inorema 450,000 mapaundi (204,144 kg). Chivezwa chacho chinogadzirwa nemachira emhangura aipfurwa kuita chimiro obva abatanidzwa. Iyo mhangura yakasvibiswa nekufamba kwenguva kuti ipe chifananidzo chayo chakasiyana chegirinhi patina

Iyo Statue of Liberty ine akati wandei anonakidza maficha. Torch yaanobata mucherechedzo wekuvhenekerwa, uye pakutanga yaibatidzwa nemurazvo wegasi. Hwendefa raanobata muruboshwe rwake rine zuva reDeclaration of Independence, Chikunguru 4, 1776. Korona yechifananidzo ine maspike manomwe, anomiririra makungwa manomwe nemakondinendi manomwe.

The Statue of Liberty chiratidzo chine simba cherusununguko uye democracy. Yakagamuchira mamiriyoni evakabva kuUnited States, uye inoramba ichikurudzira vanhu pasi rose.

Mukuru Buddha weKamakura (1252, Kamakura, Japan)

The Great Buddha of Kamakura (Kamakura Daibutsu) is achifananidzo chikuru chendarirayeAmida Buddha, iri muKotoku-mutemberi muKamakura, Japan. Ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzakakurumbira muJapan uye iUNESCO World Heritage Site.

(Great Buddha weKamakura)

Chifananidzo chacho chakareba mamita 13.35 (43.8 ft) uye chinorema 93 tonnes (103 tonnes). Yakakandwa muna 1252, panguva yeKamakura, uye ndiyo yechipiri yakakura bhuronzi chifananidzo cheBuddha muJapan, mushure meGreat Buddha weNara.

Chifananidzo chacho chine mhango, uye vashanyi vanogona kukwira mukati kuti vaone mukati. Mukati memukati makashongedzwa nemifananidzo yeBuddha uye zvivezwa.

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kufadza zveGreat Buddha ndiyo nzira yayakakandwa nayo. Chifananidzo chacho chakakandwa muchidimbu chimwe chete, icho chakanga chakaoma zvikuru kuita panguva iyoyo. Chifananidzo chakakandwa pachishandiswa nzira yakarasika-namo, inova nzira yakaoma uye inopedza nguva.

The Great Buddha weKamakura ipfuma yenyika yeJapan uye inzvimbo inozivikanwa yevashanyi. Chifananidzo chiyeuchidzo chenhoroondo yakapfuma uye tsika dzeJapan uye chiratidzo cherunyararo nerunyararo.
Heano zvimwe zvinonakidza chokwadi pamusoro peGreat Buddha weKamakura:

Chifananidzo chacho chakagadzirwa nebhuronzi yakanyungudutswa kubva kumari yeChinese. Pakutanga chaigara muhoro yetemberi, asi horo yacho yakaparadzwa netsunami muna 1498. Chifananidzo chacho chave chichiparadzwa nokudengenyeka kwenyika nemadutu mumakore apfuura, asi chave chichidzorerwa nguva imwe neimwe.

Kana iwe ukambove muJapan, iva nechokwadi chekushanyira Great Buddha weKamakura. Icho chiono chinotyisa zvechokwadi uye chiyeuchidzo cherunako nenhoroondo yeJapan.

The Statue of Unity (2018, Gujarat, India)

The Statue of Unity is achifananidzo chikuru chendarirawemumiriri weIndia uye mumiriri wekuzvimiririra Vallabhbhai Patel (1875-1950), aive mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wekutanga uye gurukota rezvemukati meIndia yakazvimirira uye muteveri waMahatma Gandhi. Chifananidzo chiri muGujarat, India, paRwizi rweNarmada muKevadiya koloni, yakatarisana neSardar Sarovar Dam makiromita zana (100 mi) maodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweguta reVadodara.

Ndicho chifananidzo chakareba kwazvo pasi rose, chine hurefu hwemamita 182 (597 ft), uye chakatsaurirwa kune basa raPatel mukubatanidza 562 muchinda nyika dzeIndia kuita imwechete Union yeIndia.

(Statue of Unity)

Chifananidzo chikuru chebhuronzi chakavakwa nePublic Private Partnership modhi, nemari zhinji yaibva kuHurumende yeGujarat. Kuvakwa kwechifananidzo kwakatanga muna 2013 uye kwakapedzwa muna 2018. Chifananidzo chacho chakavhurwa musi wa 31 Gumiguru 2018, pamusi wekuzvarwa kwaPatel kwemakore 143.

Iyo Statue of Unity yakagadzirwa nebhuronzi yakavharidzirwa pamusoro pesimbi uye inorema 6,000 matani. Ndicho chifananidzo chakareba kwazvo pasi rose uye chakareba kudarika Statue of Liberty nekanopfuura kaviri kureba kwacho.

Chifananidzo chine zvinhu zvakawanda zvinonakidza. Semuenzaniso, ine chinyorwa chekutarisa kumusoro kwepamusoro, iyo inopa panoramic maonero enzvimbo yakapoteredza. Chifananidzo chinewo museum, iyo inotaura nyaya yehupenyu hwaPatel uye zvaakaita.

Iyo Statue of Unity inzvimbo inozivikanwa yevashanyi uye inokwezva mamirioni evashanyi gore rega rega. Ichi chiratidzo chekudada kwenyika muIndia uye chiyeuchidzo chebasa raPatel mukubatanidza nyika.
Heano zvimwe zvinonakidza chokwadi pamusoro peStatue of Unity:

Chifananidzo ichi chinoumbwa nematani 6 000 ebhuronzi, ayo akaenzana nehuremu hwenzou mazana mashanu. Nheyo dzayo dzakadzika 57 metres (187 ft), iyo yakadzika sechivako chine nhurikidzwa makumi maviri.
Nzvimbo yekuona chifananidzo ichi inogona kutakura vanhu vanosvika mazana maviri panguva. Chifananidzo chinovhenekerwa usiku uye chinogona kuonekwa kubva kumakiromita makumi matatu (19 mi) kure.

The Statue of Unity chivezwa chechokwadi uye chiratidzo chechiratidzo uye kutsunga kwevakavaka. Ichi chiratidzo chekudada kwenyika muIndia uye chiyeuchidzo chebasa raPatel mukubatanidza nyika.

Spring Temberi Buddha Chifananidzo

The Spring Temberi Buddha ndiye achifananidzo chikuru chendarirayeVairocana Buddha iri mudunhu reHenan kuChina. Ndicho chifananidzo chechipiri-refu pasi rose, mushure meStatue of Unity muIndia. The Spring Tembere Buddha yakagadzirwa nemhangura uye yakareba 128 metres (420 tsoka) kureba, isingasanganisire chigaro chelotus payakagara. Kureba kwese kwechifananidzo, kusanganisira chigaro cheushe, 208 metres (682 tsoka). Chifananidzo chacho chinorema 1,100 tonnes.

(Spring Tembere Buddha)

The Spring Temple Buddha yakavakwa pakati pa1997 na2008. Yakavakwa neChina Chan Buddhist sect of Fo Guang Shan. Chifananidzo ichi chiri muFodushan Scenic Area, inova nzvimbo inozivikanwa yekushanya kuChina.

Iyo Spring Tembere Buddha inzvimbo yakakosha yetsika uye yechitendero muChina. Iyo inzvimbo yakakurumbira yerwendo rwekuenda kune maBuddha kubva kumativi ese enyika. Chifananidzo ichi chinokwezvawo vashanyi, uye zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni gumi vanoshanyira chifananidzo ichi gore negore.

Pamusoro pehukuru hwayo uye huremu, iyo Spring Temberi Buddha inocherechedzwa zvakare kune yayo yakaoma kunzwisisa. Chiso chechifananidzo chacho chakanyarara uye chine runyararo, uye nguo dzacho dzakashongedzwa zvakaisvonaka. Maziso echifananidzo chacho akagadzirwa nekristaro, uye anonzi anoratidza chiedza chezuva nemwedzi.

The Spring Tembere Buddha chivezwa chikuru chebhuronzi icho chiratidzo chehunyanzvi uye hunyanzvi hwevanhu veChinese. Icho chiratidzo cherunyararo, tariro, uye kujekeswa, uye inofanirwa-kuona kune chero munhu anoshanyira China.